Expediency Council's primary function.

• A. Drafting budget and subsidies policy.
• B. Conducting foreign diplomacy.
• C. Resolve disputes between the Guardian Council and Parliament, and advise on policy direction.
• D. Supervising the judiciary.

Answer: (C)

The main idea this question tests is the Expediency Council’s role as the mediator and policy adviser within Iran’s political system. The council was created to settle disagreements between the Parliament (Majlis) and the Guardian Council, determining how disputed legislation should proceed and guiding broad policy directions for the Islamic Republic. That function—resolving legislative conflicts and advising the Supreme Leader on policy—is its primary purpose, which is why this option fits best.

Drafting budget and subsidies policy is handled through the budgeting process involving the Parliament and relevant ministries, not the Expediency Council. Conducting foreign diplomacy is the realm of the Foreign Ministry and the Leader’s offices, not the Expediency Council. Supervising the judiciary is the role of the judiciary branch itself, with oversight from the Supreme Leader, not the Expediency Council.