According to the material, how long did the Islamic Republic last?

• A. 1979 to 2001
• B. 1980 to 1988
• C. 1975 to 1990
• D. 1985 to 1995

Answer: (A)

The question tests your understanding of how long the material treats Iran’s Islamic Republic as the ruling system. The Islamic Republic began in 1979 after the Iranian Revolution, when the new constitution established a theocratic-republican framework blending elected offices with religious authority. The material presents this era as spanning from 1979 to 2001, a 22-year period that covers the early revolutionary years, the Iran–Iraq War, and the subsequent postwar development before the text moves on to later developments. That is why this duration fits the material’s framing best. The other options don’t match the start year the text uses (1979) or the end point it assigns (2001).